COURSE CONTENT

Theoretical:

AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM: Organization & structure, Neurotransmitters, Adrenal medulla, Actions on organs & systems

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM: Structure, Function, Volumes & Capacities, Surface tension – Surfactant, Pressure-volume curve, Respiratory work, Gas exchange in the lung, Pulmonary blood flow, Respiratory gases in the blood, Control & regulation of breathing

Breath in special conditions ACID-BASE BALANCE: PH & Buffer systems, Acid-base disorders. Metabolic acidosis, Metabolic alkalosis, Respiratory acidosis, Respiratory alkalosis.

CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: Heart structure, Vessel & vein structure, Cardiac cycle, Cardiac stimulation, ECG, Pressure-volume ratio in the heart, Cardiac workload, Pulse volume regulation, Venous return, Arterial pressure, Perfusion – myocardial oxygenation, Circulation regulation, Fetal & Neonatal circulation

ENDOCRINE SYSTEM: Hormones – categories – biosynthesis, Hormonal actions – hormone regulation, Signal transmission to the cell, Hypothalamus and Hypothalamic hormones, Pituitary hormones, Thyroid hormones, Adrenal cortex and medulla hormones, Gonad hormones

PHYSIOLOGY OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: Hypothalamus – Pituitary – Gonad axis, Testicular function – Testicular hormones – Spermatogenesis, Ovarian function – Ovarian hormones, Ovulation – Menstruation cycle, Intercourse – Fertilization – Pregnancy

URINARY SYSTEM – KIDNEYS: Functional anatomical description, reanal perfusion, Glomerular filtration – Reabsorption – mechanisms regulating renal function, homeostasis H2O Na+ homeostasis, K+ homeostasis, Ca2+ & mg2+ homeostasis, urine formation, concentration and excretion.

Laboratory exercises:

1. Lung auscultation – spirometry
2. Frog heart automation – effect of hot, cold, Ca++ ions, K+ ions
3. Stannius ligatures – law of all or none in the frog heart muscle
4. Heart auscultation – Electrocardiogram
5. Glucose tolerance test – Blood pressure measurement
6. Rat urinary and genital tract – TESE – vaginal gilt
7. CPR – Use of automatic defibrillator – Drowning treatment – lateral resuscitation site